Radiata
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Sponges, Cnidarians, and Ctenophores
 

I. General Characteristics

II. Layers and Cell types

    A. Cell layers
     
      1. pinacoderm

      2. choanoderm

      3. mesohyl

    B. Types of cells
     
      1. Pinacocytes

      2. Porocytes

      3. Choanocytes

      4. Archaeocytes
       

        a. spongocytes

        b. collencytes

III. Water Canal Systems
    A. Significant features
     
      1. canal system

      2. Choanocytes

      3. endoskeleton
       

    B. Types of canal systems
     
      1. Ascon

      2. Sycon

      3. Leucon

IV. Types of Skeletons

V. Reproduction and Development

    A. Sexual Reproduction

    B. Asexual Reproduction

VI. Classification
    A. Class Calcarea

    B. Class Hexactinellida

    C. Class Demospongiae
     

Phylum Cnidaria

I. Characteristics

II. General Organization

    A. Epidermis

    B. Gastrovascular cavity

    C. Mesoglea

III. Morphological types
 
    A. Polyp or hydroid form

    B. Medusa or jellyfish form

IV. Cnidocytes  (nematocysts)
    A. Used to:
     
      1. food collection

      2. defense

      3. locomotion
       

    B. Capabilities
     
      1. wrap around small objects

      2. stick to surfaces

      3. penetrate surfaces

      4. inject toxins

V. Nervous System and Sensory Systems

VI. Reproduction

    A. Asexual

    B. Sexual

VII. Classification
    A. Class Hydrozoa

    B. Class Scyphozoa

    C. Class Cubozoa

    D. Class Anthozoa

Phylum Ctenophora

I. General Characteristics

II. Similarities to Cnidarians

III. Differences between Ctenophores and Cnidarians